Adviser at the Ma'munid court
· Gurganj (near modern Kunya-Urgench), Dashoguz Region, Turkmenistan

Wikimedia Commons · Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported · file At Gurganj, al-Biruni served Khwarazmshah Abu'l-Abbas Ma'mun as companion and adviser and undertook delicate diplomatic missions. The source places this service within 1009–1017. The quoted passage follows identification of Ma'mun's court as being in Gurganj; the coordinate represents historical Gurganj/Kunya-Urgench.