1. Adviser at the Ma'munid court

    · Gurganj (near modern Kunya-Urgench), Dashoguz Region, Turkmenistan

    Adviser at the Ma'munid court
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    At Gurganj, al-Biruni served Khwarazmshah Abu'l-Abbas Ma'mun as companion and adviser and undertook delicate diplomatic missions. The source places this service within 1009–1017. The quoted passage follows identification of Ma'mun's court as being in Gurganj; the coordinate represents historical Gurganj/Kunya-Urgench.

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