48 moments

1. Birth at Kemusuk

   1921-06-08 · Kemusuk, Godean, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia

   Suharto was born in the hamlet of Kemusuk, in the Godean area west of Yogyakarta. Coordinates represent Kemusuk hamlet.

2. Childhood move to Wuryantoro

   1929-01-01 · Wuryantoro, Wonogiri Regency, Central Java, Indonesia

   His father took him to live with his aunt and her husband, agricultural supervisor Prawirowihardjo, in Wuryantoro. Only the year is supported.

3. Primary school in Wonogiri

   1931-01-01 · Wonogiri, Central Java, Indonesia

   Suharto moved to Wonogiri to attend primary school and lived with relatives there. Only the year is supported.

4. Middle-school study in Yogyakarta

   1938-01-01 · Yogyakarta, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia

   After returning to Kemusuk, Suharto attended Muhammadiyah middle school in Yogyakarta through 1938. This card marks the documented end of this schooling period; his arrival date is not specified.

5. KNIL reserve-battalion posting

   1940-01-01 · Cisarua, Bogor Regency, West Java, Indonesia

   After qualifying as a sergeant, Suharto was posted to a KNIL reserve battalion at Cisarua. The source does not give a more precise posting date than the 1940–1942 KNIL period.

6. KNIL basic training

   1940-06-01 · Gombong, Central Java, Indonesia

   Suharto joined the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army and undertook basic training at Gombong.

7. Return to Wuryantoro after Dutch surrender

   1942-03-01 · Wuryantoro, Wonogiri Regency, Central Java, Indonesia

   Following the Dutch surrender to Japan, Suharto left the KNIL and returned to Wuryantoro.

8. PETA coastal-defense posting

   1943-01-01 · Wates, Kulon Progo Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia

   As a Japanese-sponsored PETA officer, Suharto was posted to a coastal-defense battalion at Wates south of Yogyakarta. The posting began after his October 1943 transfer to PETA; exact arrival date is not given.

9. PETA recruit training in Jakarta

   1944-01-01 · Jakarta, Indonesia

   Suharto conducted training for new PETA recruits in Jakarta as a company commander. The source gives no separate date within 1944.

10. PETA recruit training in Madiun

    1944-01-01 · Madiun, East Java, Indonesia

    Suharto conducted training for new PETA recruits in Madiun as a PETA company commander. The source gives no separate date within 1944.

11. PETA recruit training in Surakarta

    1944-01-01 · Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia

    After company-command training, Suharto trained new PETA recruits in Surakarta. The source places this activity after the 1944 Bogor training but gives no separate date.

12. PETA company-command training

    1944-04-01 · Bogor, West Java, Indonesia

    Suharto attended company-commander training in Bogor from April through August 1944. Coordinates represent Bogor; the exact training site is not identified.

13. Battles around Magelang and Ambarawa

    1945-01-01 · Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia

    During the early Indonesian National Revolution, Suharto led Battalion X in fighting British and Allied forces around Magelang and Ambarawa. The fighting is dated from late October to December 1945; this coordinate represents Magelang, one of the specifically named battle locations.

14. NCO training at Brebeg

    1945-08-01 · Brebeg area, Mount Wilis slopes, East Java, Indonesia

    At the time of Japan's surrender and Indonesian independence proclamation, Suharto was posted in the remote Brebeg area training new noncommissioned officers. Coordinates are a representative point on the slopes of Mount Wilis because the precise Brebeg posting site is not identified.

15. Return to Yogyakarta after Japanese surrender

    1945-08-01 · Yogyakarta, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia

    After disbanding his regiment under Japanese orders, Suharto returned to Yogyakarta and joined the emerging republican armed forces. The source states this was two days after Japan's surrender; month-level precision is used.

16. Battle at Kendal

    1946-05-17 · Kendal, Central Java, Indonesia

    Suharto participated in the battle at Kendal, where Division III halted a Dutch brigade's southward advance.

17. 22nd Regiment headquarters

    1946-08-01 · Yogyakarta, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia

    Suharto became head of the Yogyakarta-based 22nd Regiment of the Diponegoro Division. Coordinates represent Yogyakarta because the precise regimental headquarters is not identified.

18. Marriage to Siti Hartinah

    1947-12-26 · Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia

    Suharto married Siti Hartinah, known as Madam Tien, daughter of a minor noble in Solo's Mangkunegaran royal house. The source identifies the bride's Solo royal-house background but does not explicitly state the ceremony venue; Surakarta is a representative city coordinate.

19. Mission to communist-held Madiun

    1948-09-22 · Madiun, East Java, Indonesia

    Republican commander Sudirman sent Suharto to communist-held Madiun to meet Musso in an unsuccessful effort at peaceful reconciliation.

20. Guerrilla headquarters in the Menoreh hills

    1948-12-28 · Menoreh Hills, Kulon Progo Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia

    During the Dutch offensive, Suharto was appointed commander of Wehrkreise III, whose headquarters were in the Menoreh hills south-west of Yogyakarta. The source spells the hills 'Menorah' and describes them as in the Bantul area; coordinates are a representative point for the Menoreh hill region.

21. General Offensive in Yogyakarta

    1949-03-01 · Yogyakarta, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia

    Suharto's forces and local militia recaptured large parts of Yogyakarta in a dawn raid and held them until noon.

22. Takeover of Yogyakarta from Dutch forces

    1949-06-29 · Yogyakarta, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia

    Suharto was responsible for taking over Yogyakarta as Dutch forces withdrew under the postwar agreement.

23. Expedition to Makassar

    1950-04-01 · Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia

    As commander of the Garuda Mataram Brigade, Suharto led his brigade to Makassar to suppress the Makassar uprising.

24. Pragola Brigade command at Salatiga

    1951-11-01 · Salatiga, Central Java, Indonesia

    Suharto was appointed to lead the enlarged Pragola Brigade, based at Salatiga.

25. Operation Merdeka Timur V in Klaten

    1951-12-01 · Klaten, Central Java, Indonesia

    Suharto led Operation Merdeka Timur V against the rebel Battalion 426 in the Klaten area from late December 1951 into January 1952. The operation continued into late January 1952; this card marks its documented start.

26. Infantry Regiment III command

    1953-03-01 · Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia

    Suharto became commander of Infantry Regiment III, which was based in Surakarta and conducted counterinsurgency operations in Central Java.

27. Diponegoro Division command

    1956-09-03 · Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia

    Suharto was promoted to colonel and assumed command of the Diponegoro Division, headquartered in Semarang.

28. Staff-and-command training

    1959-11-01 · Bandung, West Java, Indonesia

    After removal from divisional command, Suharto was ordered to attend army staff and command training in Bandung.

29. Operational deputy and Strategic Reserve commander

    1961-03-01 · Jakarta, Indonesia

    Following staff training, Suharto was based in Jakarta as operational deputy to the army chief of staff and received command of the new general reserve force. The Jakarta posting followed his December 1960 graduation; March 1961 marks his additional Strategic Reserve command.

30. Mandala Command headquarters

    1962-01-01 · Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia

    Suharto was appointed to command Mandala Command for the West Irian campaign, headquartered in Makassar. The cited overview gives January 1962 but not an exact day.

31. Advanced headquarters on Peleng Island

    1962-08-01 · Peleng Island, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia

    Suharto was at the advanced headquarters on Peleng Island when he received orders to abort the planned invasion of Biak. The abort order is contextualized by the 15 August 1962 New York Agreement; exact date at the headquarters is not stated.

32. Return to KOSTRAD command

    1963-05-01 · Jakarta, Indonesia

    After Mandala Command was disbanded, Suharto returned to Jakarta to resume command of KOSTRAD.

33. West Irian victory parade

    1963-05-01 · Jayapura, Papua, Indonesia

    On the transfer of West Irian from UNTEA to Indonesia, Suharto led a victory parade in Sukarnapura, now Jayapura. Sukarnapura was the contemporary name for Jayapura.

34. At Jakarta army hospital during the 30 September Movement

    1965-09-30 · Jakarta Army Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia

    On the evening before the 1 October coup events, Suharto was at Jakarta army hospital with his injured son Tommy. The source refers to the evening before dawn on 1 October 1965; the specific hospital is not named.

35. Funeral ceremony for assassinated generals

    1965-10-05 · Jakarta, Indonesia

    

    Suharto led the public ceremony for the burial of the generals killed in the 30 September Movement. The source does not specify the precise Jakarta ceremonial site.

36. Acting presidency appointment

    1967-03-12 · Jakarta, Indonesia

    The MPRS named Suharto acting president after stripping Sukarno of his remaining powers. The source identifies an MPRS session but does not name its venue; coordinates represent the parliamentary district in Jakarta.

37. Elected president by the MPRS

    1968-03-27 · Jakarta, Indonesia

    The MPRS elected Suharto to a full five-year presidential term. The source identifies the MPRS session but not its precise venue; coordinates represent the parliamentary district in Jakarta.

38. State visit to the United States

    1970-05-01 · Williamsburg, Virginia, United States

    Suharto made a state visit to the United States, including stops in Williamsburg, New York City, Knoxville, Los Angeles, and San Francisco. The official U.S. chronology supplies the itinerary but not individual city dates; this card uses month-level precision and Williamsburg as the representative first listed stop.

39. Private visit to Camp David

    1975-07-05 · Camp David, Maryland, United States

    During a world tour, Suharto made a private visit to Camp David.

40. Meeting with Ford and Kissinger

    1975-12-06 · Jakarta, Indonesia

    

    Suharto met U.S. President Gerald Ford and Secretary of State Henry Kissinger in Jakarta shortly before Indonesia's invasion of East Timor. Coordinates represent the presidential-palace area in central Jakarta.

41. State visit to the United States

    1982-10-01 · Cape Canaveral, Florida, United States

    Suharto's state visit to the United States included Cape Canaveral, Houston, and Honolulu. The official chronology dates the listed visit 12–13 October 1982 and does not assign separate dates to its cities.

42. Hajj pilgrimage

    1991-06-01 · Mecca, Makkah Province, Saudi Arabia

    Suharto undertook the Hajj pilgrimage to Mecca in 1991, after which he used the honorific Haji Mohammad Suharto. The Wikipedia account establishes completion of the Hajj in 1991 but not its exact dates; coordinates represent Mecca.

43. APEC meeting in Seattle

    1993-11-01 · Seattle, Washington, United States

    

    Suharto attended the APEC meeting in Seattle. The official chronology dates the visit 17–21 November 1993.

44. Visit to Sarajevo

    1995-01-01 · Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina

    Suharto visited Sarajevo during the Bosnian conflict, helping to mediate the ongoing conflict according to the cited account. Only the year is supported.

45. Retirement in Menteng

    1998-01-01 · Menteng, Jakarta, Indonesia

    After resigning, Suharto became a recluse in his family's compound in Menteng, Jakarta. The source does not provide a more precise date or street address.

46. G-15 summit visit

    1998-05-12 · Cairo, Egypt

    Suharto attended the Group of 15 summit in Cairo during Indonesia's escalating political crisis. The source states that the summit continued until 13 May 1998.

47. Resignation at Merdeka Palace

    1998-05-21 · Merdeka Palace, Jakarta, Indonesia

    

    Suharto read his resignation speech at Merdeka Palace, ending his presidency; Vice President B. J. Habibie succeeded him.

48. Final hospitalization and death

    2008-01-27 · Pertamina Central Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia

    Suharto died at Pertamina Central Hospital after being admitted on 4 January with severe health complications. The hospital admission and death date are explicitly documented; coordinates represent Pertamina Central Hospital.