19 moments

1. Birth at Canino

   1468-02-29 · Canino, Lazio, Italy

   

   Alessandro Farnese, the future Pope Paul III, was born at Canino in the Papal States. Treccani's biographical article gives 28 February 1468 rather than 29 February; the English Wikipedia infobox is followed here.

2. Imprisonment at Castel Sant'Angelo

   1486-01-01 · Castel Sant'Angelo, Rome, Italy

   

   While still a young cleric, Farnese was imprisoned at Castel Sant'Angelo amid conflict involving his family and Pope Innocent VIII. The surrounding account places the imprisonment in 1486, but does not provide a more precise date.

3. Service in the Roman Curia

   1491-01-01 · Rome, Italy

   

   Farnese entered the Roman Curia, beginning the ecclesiastical career that led to his cardinalate and eventual papacy. The source identifies the Roman Curia rather than a particular Roman building; coordinates represent Rome.

4. Family celebration after cardinalate

   1493-10-01 · Capodimonte, Lazio, Italy

   

   After his elevation to the cardinalate, Farnese attended a family celebration at Capodimonte, also attended by Pope Alexander VI and Cesare Borgia.

5. Flight from Rome to Orvieto

   1495-05-27 · Orvieto, Umbria, Italy

   

   Farnese was among the cardinals who left Rome with Pope Alexander VI and took refuge at Orvieto.

6. Retreat to Parma after the sack

   1527-01-01 · Parma, Emilia-Romagna, Italy

   

   After the capitulation following the Sack of Rome, Farnese went to Parma rather than continuing on the intended journey to Charles V. The account places this movement after the 5 June 1527 capitulation and before 13 December 1527, but does not give a precise arrival date.

7. Shelter during the Sack of Rome

   1527-05-01 · Castel Sant'Angelo, Rome, Italy

   

   During the Sack of Rome, Cardinal Farnese was one of thirteen cardinals who shut themselves inside Castel Sant'Angelo with Pope Clement VII.

8. Residence at the Farnese palace in Viterbo

   1528-01-01 · Palazzo Farnese, Viterbo, Lazio, Italy

   

   After Pope Clement VII withdrew to Viterbo, Farnese took up residence in the Farnese palace there after an initial stay in the fortress. The source gives 1 June for Clement VII's withdrawal to Viterbo but does not date Farnese's subsequent move from the fortress to the Farnese palace more precisely; coordinates represent central Viterbo.

9. Welcome for Charles V at Borgo Panigale

   1529-11-04 · Borgo Panigale, Bologna, Emilia-Romagna, Italy

   

   Farnese welcomed Charles V on behalf of Clement VII when the emperor reached Borgo Panigale, then accompanied him to the Certosa.

10. Imperial entry into Bologna

    1529-11-05 · Basilica di San Petronio, Bologna, Emilia-Romagna, Italy

    

    Farnese was present at San Petronio during the ceremonial entry into Bologna that displayed the reconciliation of papal and imperial authority.

11. Solemn Mass at San Petronio

    1530-01-01 · Basilica di San Petronio, Bologna, Emilia-Romagna, Italy

    

    As Cardinal of Ostia, Farnese celebrated the solemn Mass at San Petronio during the ceremonial sequence surrounding Charles V's Bologna coronations. The immediately preceding discussion concerns the 1530 Bologna coronation events.

12. Arrival with Charles V in Bologna

    1532-12-13 · Basilica di San Petronio, Bologna, Emilia-Romagna, Italy

    

    Farnese rode into Bologna alongside Charles V and Cardinal Agostino Spinola for negotiations with Clement VII.

13. Election as Pope Paul III

    1534-10-13 · Cappella Parva, Apostolic Palace, Vatican City

    

    At the 1534 conclave, Cardinal Alessandro Farnese accepted unanimous election and took the name Paul III. The conclave's listed location is the Cappella Parva in the Apostolic Palace; coordinates represent the Apostolic Palace complex.

14. Departure from Rome for the Nice peace mission

    1538-03-23 · Rome, Italy

    

    Paul III departed Rome to mediate between Charles V and Francis I, beginning the journey that led to the Truce of Nice. Coordinates represent Rome; the departure point is not specified.

15. Arrival near Nice

    1538-05-17 · Nice, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France

    

    Paul III reached Nice during his personal mediation between Charles V and Francis I, though he was not permitted to enter the city or its castle. The source specifies a landing at Nice but says he could not enter the city; coordinates represent Nice because the precise landing location is not identified.

16. Truce of Nice mediation

    1538-06-18 · Nice, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France

    

    Paul III's diplomatic efforts at Nice culminated in a ten-year truce between Francis I and Charles V. The source's preceding passages establish that Paul was lodged outside Nice during the negotiations; coordinates represent the city.

17. Visit to Ferrara

    1543-01-01 · Ferrara, Emilia-Romagna, Italy

    

    While passing through Ferrara in 1543, Paul III explored a possible marriage alliance for his grandson Orazio Farnese with Duke Ercole II's eldest daughter. Only the year, not a more precise date, is supplied.

18. Meeting with Charles V at Busseto

    1543-06-01 · Busseto, Emilia-Romagna, Italy

    

    At Busseto, Paul III pressed Charles V to grant the Duchy of Milan to his grandson Ottavio Farnese; Charles's financial terms ended the request.

19. Death in Rome

    1549-11-10 · Rome, Italy

    

    Paul III died in Rome after a final illness and conflict over the Farnese inheritance. The precise building in Rome where he died is not identified by this source; coordinates represent Rome.