1. Descent into the Gölpazarı plain

    · Gölpazarı Plain, Bilecik Province, Türkiye

    Descent into the Gölpazarı plain
    Wikimedia Commons · CC BY-SA 3.0 · file

    After the northern raid route, Osman reportedly turned south through mountainous country and descended into the Gölpazarı plain. The historical identification of Göl-Flanoz/Klanoz with modern Gölpazarı is qualified in the source; date is broadly 1288–1299.

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