25 moments

1. Khorasan expedition

   1360-01-01 · Khorasan, Iran

   

   By about 1360, Timur led an expedition into Khorasan while allied with Amir Qazaghan. The date is approximate in the source. Coordinates are a representative point for the historical region of Khorasan.

2. Return to birthplace after his father's death

   1360-03-12 · Kesh (modern Shahrisabz), Qashqadaryo Region, Uzbekistan

   

   Timur returned to his birthplace following the death of his father, Taraghai.

3. Proclaimed sovereign at Balkh

   1370-01-01 · Balkh, Balkh Province, Afghanistan

   

   After Amir Husayn's surrender and assassination, Timur was proclaimed sovereign at Balkh, a decisive step in founding his rule. The source gives the accession as around 1370; year precision is retained.

4. Capture of Tehran

   1384-01-01 · Tehran, Tehran Province, Iran

   

   During his westward movement through northern Persia, Timur captured Tehran after its surrender. The preceding sentence dates the siege of Soltaniyeh to 1384 and places the Tehran episode on the same journey.

5. Siege of Soltaniyeh

   1384-01-01 · Soltaniyeh, Zanjan Province, Iran

   

   Timur besieged Soltaniyeh during his Persian campaign.

6. Capture of Tabriz

   1386-01-01 · Tabriz, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran

   

   Timur captured Tabriz and nearby Maragha during his renewed operations in northwestern Iran. The source dates this movement to 1386.

7. Siege and capture of Tbilisi

   1386-11-22 · Tbilisi, Georgia

   

   Timur marched to Tbilisi during his first Georgian invasion; the city was taken and King Bagrat V was captured.

8. Arrival at Isfahan

   1387-01-01 · Isfahan, Isfahan Province, Iran

   

   Timur reached Isfahan with his army during the Persian campaign; the city initially surrendered.

9. Battle of the Kondurcha River

   1391-06-18 · Kondurcha River, Samara Oblast, Russia

   

   Timur pursued Tokhtamysh to the Kondurcha River and fought the first major battle of their war. Coordinates are a representative point on the Kondurcha River; the source identifies the river and region rather than an exact battlefield coordinate.

10. Capture of Baghdad

    1393-08-01 · Baghdad, Iraq

    

    Timur reached Baghdad in August after an eight-day march from Shiraz and captured the city by surprise. The source supports August 1393 but not a specific day.

11. Departure from Shiraz for Baghdad

    1393-08-01 · Shiraz, Fars Province, Iran

    

    Timur marched from Shiraz to Baghdad in a rapid August campaign, directly documenting his presence at Shiraz immediately before Baghdad. The source supports August 1393 as the departure context but does not give a day.

12. Capture of Yelets

    1395-01-01 · Yelets, Lipetsk Oblast, Russia

    

    During the northern campaign against the Golden Horde, Timur took Yelets and began advancing toward Moscow. The account is identified in the source as Russian Orthodox tradition.

13. Battle of the Terek River

    1395-04-14 · Terek River, North Caucasus, Russia

    

    Timur defeated Tokhtamysh at the Terek River in the last major battle of their war. Coordinates are a representative point along the Terek River in the North Caucasus because the source does not specify an exact battlefield site.

14. Capture of Bhatner Fort

    1398-01-01 · Bhatner Fort, Hanumangarh, Rajasthan, India

    

    On his approach toward Delhi, Timur captured and demolished the fort of Bhatner. The event is placed within the 1398 Indian campaign; the source does not provide a more precise date.

15. Sack of Tulamba

    1398-01-01 · Tulamba, Punjab, Pakistan

    

    After crossing the Indus during his Indian invasion, Timur reached Tulamba and sacked it. The sentence gives an exact date for the Indus crossing but does not separately date the arrival at Tulamba; year precision is used for Tulamba.

16. Battle and sack of Delhi

    1398-12-17 · Delhi, India

    

    Timur fought the Delhi Sultanate at Delhi, beginning the capture and sack of the city. The linked article dates the wider sack to 17–20 December 1398; this card marks the battle's opening date.

17. Sack of Sivas

    1400-01-01 · Sivas, Sivas Province, Türkiye

    

    Timur sacked Sivas during his Anatolian and Levantine operations. The surrounding campaign narrative dates this action to 1400; no more precise date is supplied.

18. Arrival before Aleppo

    1400-10-24 · Aleppo, Syria

    

    Timur descended on the Aleppo area during the Syrian campaign, preceding the city's capture and destruction. The quotation is a contemporary-source passage reproduced in the article.

19. Siege of Damascus

    1400-12-01 · Damascus, Syria

    

    Timur conducted the siege of Damascus after advancing south through Syria. The siege is dated December 1400 to March 1401. Timur is identified as the Timurid commander in the article's event infobox.

20. Siege of Baghdad

    1401-01-01 · Baghdad, Iraq

    

    Timur besieged Baghdad for forty days during his return to Mesopotamia.

21. Battle of Ankara

    1402-07-28 · Çubuk Plain, near Ankara, Türkiye

    

    Timur commanded the Timurid center at the Battle of Ankara, defeating Bayezid I and precipitating the Ottoman Interregnum. The article notes that some sources instead date the battle to 20 July 1402.

22. Siege and capture of Smyrna

    1402-12-01 · Smyrna (modern İzmir), Türkiye

    

    After Ankara, Timur reached the Aegean coast and besieged and took Smyrna from the Knights Hospitaller. Coordinates identify modern İzmir, the successor city to historical Smyrna.

23. Siege of Birtvisi Fortress

    1403-08-01 · Birtvisi Fortress, Kvemo Kartli, Georgia

    

    Timur personally besieged and captured the Georgian fortress of Birtvisi during the final phase of his Caucasian campaigns.

24. Residence in Samarkand during Clavijo's embassy

    1404-10-30 · Samarkand, Uzbekistan

    

    During the Castilian embassy, Timur went from his encampment into Samarkand and lodged at the mosque and houses associated with his grandson Muhammad Sultan's burial complex. The cited Clavijo itinerary is set in 1404; the quoted passage gives the day and month.

25. Death at Farab

    1405-02-01 · Farab (medieval Otrar), Turkestan Region, Kazakhstan

    

    Timur fell ill during the winter expedition toward China and died at Farab, the medieval town also known as Otrar. The source differs by one day, giving 17 or 18 February 1405; month precision is used.