61 moments

1. Baptism in Oaxaca

   1830-09-15 · Oaxaca de Juárez, Oaxaca, Mexico

   

   Díaz was baptized in Oaxaca de Juárez, establishing his presence in his native city at the beginning of his life. The English Wikipedia article states that his exact birth date is unknown; this is the documented baptism date.

2. Seminary studies

   1845-01-01 · Colegio Seminario Conciliar de Oaxaca, Oaxaca de Juárez, Oaxaca, Mexico

   

   At age fifteen, Díaz entered Oaxaca's diocesan seminary to study for the priesthood.

3. Law student at Oaxaca institute

   1850-02-04 · Instituto de Ciencias y Artes de Oaxaca, Oaxaca de Juárez, Oaxaca, Mexico

   

   Díaz began formal legal studies at the Instituto de Ciencias y Artes de Oaxaca.

4. Flight from Oaxaca to join Ayutla revolt

   1854-12-01 · Huajuapan de León, Oaxaca, Mexico

   

   After voting against Santa Anna, Díaz fled Oaxaca and joined Francisco Herrera's Ayutla revolutionary force in the Huajuapan region. The source dates the flight to December 1854 but identifies the revolutionary force by region rather than a precise camp.

5. Political chief at Ixtlán

   1855-08-29 · Ixtlán de Juárez, Oaxaca, Mexico

   

   Following the triumph of the Ayutla Revolution, Díaz was appointed political chief of Ixtlán and organized a National Guard there.

6. Wounded at Ixcapa

   1856-08-13 · Ixcapa, Oaxaca, Mexico

   

   As a National Guard captain, Díaz fought at Ixcapa, was wounded, and was subsequently treated in Cuajinicuilapa. Coordinates are a representative point for Ixcapa; the source does not identify a precise battlefield location.

7. Capture of Oaxaca during Reform War

   1858-01-16 · Oaxaca de Juárez, Oaxaca, Mexico

   

   Díaz fought under Ignacio Mejía in the Liberal capture of Oaxaca.

8. Action at Xalapa

   1858-02-01 · Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico

   

   Díaz was present when Marcelino Cobos was defeated at Xalapa during the Reform War. Only month precision is supported.

9. Military command in Tehuantepec

   1858-04-07 · Santo Domingo Tehuantepec, Oaxaca, Mexico

   

   Díaz became governor and military commander of Tehuantepec, an important early independent command during the Reform War.

10. Victory at Mixtequilla

    1859-06-17 · Santa María Mixtequilla, Oaxaca, Mexico

    

    Díaz defeated Conservative commander José María Cobos at Mixtequilla while defending the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. Coordinates represent the settlement associated with the battle.

11. Defeat at Mitla

    1860-01-21 · San Pablo Villa de Mitla, Oaxaca, Mexico

    

    During the Liberal campaign to retake Oaxaca, Díaz was defeated at Mitla.

12. Siege operations at Oaxaca

    1860-02-01 · Oaxaca de Juárez, Oaxaca, Mexico

    

    Díaz laid siege to Oaxaca by attacking the fortifications of La Soledad and El Marquesado. Coordinates represent Oaxaca City rather than the individual historic fortifications.

13. Arrival in Mexico City as deputy

    1861-01-01 · Mexico City, Mexico

    

    Díaz arrived in Mexico City with Jesús González Ortega and became a federal deputy for Ocotlán. Only month precision is supported.

14. Battle of Xalatlaco

    1861-08-13 · Xalatlaco, State of Mexico, Mexico

    

    Díaz commanded Oaxacan and Zacatecan troops in the Liberal victory over Leonardo Márquez at Xalatlaco. The source spells the place Jalatlaco; coordinates use Xalatlaco, State of Mexico.

15. Battle at Acultzingo

    1862-04-28 · Acultzingo, Veracruz, Mexico

    

    Díaz fought French forces at the Cumbres de Acultzingo during the opening of the French intervention. Coordinates represent Acultzingo and its surrounding mountain pass.

16. Battle of Puebla

    1862-05-05 · Puebla, Puebla, Mexico

    

    Díaz commanded the Oaxaca battalion defending a road into Puebla during the Mexican victory of 5 May.

17. Headquarters during second siege of Puebla

    1863-04-01 · Mesón de San Marcos, Puebla, Puebla, Mexico

    

    During urban fighting in the second French siege of Puebla, Díaz established his headquarters at the Mesón de San Marcos. Coordinates are representative for central Puebla; the precise location of the historic Mesón de San Marcos is uncertain.

18. Escape from Puebla to Tlaxcala

    1863-05-23 · Tlaxcala de Xicohténcatl, Tlaxcala, Mexico

    

    Following Puebla's surrender, Díaz escaped the city with General Berriozábal and reached Tlaxcala.

19. Surrender and imprisonment at Puebla

    1865-02-01 · Puebla, Puebla, Mexico

    

    After the French siege of Oaxaca, Díaz surrendered and was taken prisoner to Puebla. The source places the surrender and transfer in February 1865 but does not provide a transfer day.

20. Escape from French prison

    1865-09-20 · Puebla, Puebla, Mexico

    

    Díaz escaped French confinement in Puebla, aided by Soledad de la Torre.

21. Meeting Juan Álvarez at La Providencia

    1865-10-10 · Hacienda La Providencia, Guerrero, Mexico

    

    After escaping, Díaz reached Hacienda La Providencia in Guerrero and met former president Juan Álvarez to rebuild his forces. The chronology identifies the hacienda and state but not a modern municipal location; coordinates are a representative point in Guerrero.

22. Battle of Miahuatlán

    1866-10-03 · Miahuatlán de Porfirio Díaz, Oaxaca, Mexico

    

    Díaz defeated Conservative forces at Miahuatlán, opening his route toward Oaxaca and central Mexico.

23. Recapture of Oaxaca

    1866-10-31 · Oaxaca de Juárez, Oaxaca, Mexico

    

    Díaz took Oaxaca from Imperial forces and assumed the provisional government of the state.

24. Third Battle of Puebla

    1867-04-02 · Puebla, Puebla, Mexico

    

    Díaz captured Puebla from the Imperial garrison in a victory that strengthened the Republican collapse of the Second Empire.

25. Siege of Mexico City

    1867-05-13 · Mexico City, Mexico

    

    Díaz arrived in Mexico City and imposed a siege as the Imperial regime collapsed.

26. Eastern Division headquarters

    1867-07-27 · Tehuacán, Puebla, Mexico

    

    Díaz was appointed head of the Army's Eastern Division, headquartered at Tehuacán.

27. Telegraph inauguration at Tehuacán

    1868-01-19 · Tehuacán, Puebla, Mexico

    

    Díaz inaugurated a telegraph service linking Tehuacán and Oaxaca City.

28. Return to Oaxaca

    1868-02-14 · Oaxaca de Juárez, Oaxaca, Mexico

    

    After resigning his Eastern Division command, Díaz returned to Oaxaca, where he was publicly honored.

29. Plan de la Noria proclamation

    1871-11-08 · Hacienda La Noria, Oaxaca de Juárez, Oaxaca, Mexico

    

    Díaz began his anti-reelectionist rebellion by subscribing to the Plan de la Noria at his Oaxaca estate. Coordinates are an approximate representative point for the former Hacienda La Noria area.

30. Capture of Ixtlán during La Noria revolt

    1871-11-18 · Ixtlán de Juárez, Oaxaca, Mexico

    

    Díaz took Ixtlán after defeating federal forces commanded by Fidencio Hernández.

31. Departure from Veracruz for the United States

    1872-02-01 · Port of Veracruz, Veracruz, Mexico

    

    Using the pseudonym Antonio Mauri, Díaz embarked at Veracruz for the United States after the failure of his Oaxaca campaign.

32. Return at Camargo

    1872-03-11 · Camargo, Tamaulipas, Mexico

    

    Díaz returned to Mexico and issued a proclamation at Camargo continuing his opposition to Juárez's government.

33. Settlement with Lerdo

    1872-11-21 · Mexico City, Mexico

    

    Díaz met President Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada, ending the La Noria rebellion and securing freedom for his private affairs. The source does not explicitly name the meeting venue; Mexico City is used as the defensible representative point for the national presidency.

34. Exile in Brownsville

    1875-12-01 · Brownsville, Texas, United States

    

    Díaz moved across the border to Brownsville, Texas, while preparing the movement that became the Tuxtepec Revolution. Only month precision is supported.

35. Plan of Tuxtepec signing

    1876-01-10 · San Lucas Ojitlán, Oaxaca, Mexico

    

    Díaz and fellow military leaders signed the Plan of Tuxtepec at Ojitlán, launching the revolt against Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada.

36. Defeat at Icamole

    1876-05-20 · Icamole, Nuevo León, Mexico

    

    Díaz was defeated by federal commander Carlos Fuero at Icamole during the Tuxtepec Revolution. Coordinates are a representative point for Icamole.

37. Return to Oaxaca during Tuxtepec revolt

    1876-06-04 · Oaxaca de Juárez, Oaxaca, Mexico

    

    Díaz entered Oaxaca through the Marquesado gate and planned the campaign culminating at Tecoac.

38. Battle of Tecoac

    1876-11-16 · Tecoac, Tlaxcala, Mexico

    

    Díaz and Manuel González defeated Ignacio Alatorre's federal troops at Tecoac, opening the way to power. Coordinates are a representative point for the Tecoac battlefield area.

39. Triumphal entry into Mexico City

    1876-11-24 · Mexico City, Mexico

    

    After the collapse of Lerdo's government, Díaz entered Mexico City and began consolidating the Tuxtepec victory.

40. Return from Guadalajara campaign

    1877-02-11 · Mexico City, Mexico

    

    Díaz returned from his campaign against José María Iglesias's forces to Mexico City before assuming the provisional presidency.

41. Honeymoon visit to New Orleans

    1881-01-01 · New Orleans, Louisiana, United States

    

    Following his marriage to Carmen Romero Rubio, Díaz and his wife traveled to the World Cotton Centennial in New Orleans. The source gives the itinerary and year of marriage but no more precise date.

42. Honeymoon visit to New York

    1881-01-01 · New York City, New York, United States

    

    Díaz and Carmen Romero Rubio concluded the documented U.S. honeymoon itinerary in New York. The source gives the itinerary and year of marriage but no more precise date.

43. Honeymoon visit to St. Louis

    1881-01-01 · St. Louis, Missouri, United States

    

    Díaz and Carmen Romero Rubio visited St. Louis during their U.S. honeymoon journey. The source gives the itinerary and year of marriage but no more precise date.

44. Honeymoon visit to Washington

    1881-01-01 · Washington, District of Columbia, United States

    

    Díaz and Carmen Romero Rubio traveled to Washington, D.C., during their U.S. honeymoon. The source gives the itinerary and year of marriage but no more precise date.

45. Taft-Díaz meeting at Ciudad Juárez Customs House

    1909-10-16 · Ciudad Juárez Customs House, Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico

    

    Díaz received Taft in Ciudad Juárez during the binational summit and banquet at the customs house.

46. Taft-Díaz meeting in El Paso

    1909-10-16 · El Paso, Texas, United States

    

    Díaz crossed into El Paso to meet U.S. President William Howard Taft in the first meeting of the two countries' presidents. The official protocol identifies the event date as 16 October 1909.

47. Independence centennial proclamation

    1910-09-15 · National Palace, Mexico City, Mexico

    

    On his eightieth birthday, Díaz appeared on the National Palace balcony and proclaimed "Viva Mexico" during centennial ceremonies.

48. Inauguration of Monument to Independence

    1910-09-16 · Monument to Independence, Mexico City, Mexico

    

    Díaz inaugurated the Monument to Independence with Mexican and foreign military contingents present.

49. Inauguration of Juárez monument

    1910-09-18 · Hemiciclo a Juárez, Mexico City, Mexico

    

    Díaz inaugurated the monument to Benito Juárez on the edge of Alameda Central during the centennial.

50. Departure from Mexico City after resignation

    1911-05-26 · San Lázaro Railway Station area, Mexico City, Mexico

    

    After resigning the presidency, Díaz left San Lázaro railway station by train for Veracruz. Coordinates represent the historic San Lázaro station area.

51. Exile departure from Veracruz

    1911-05-31 · Port of Veracruz, Veracruz, Mexico

    

    Díaz departed Veracruz for Europe aboard the Hamburg-Amerika Line mail steamer Ypiranga.

52. Departure from Havana during exile voyage

    1911-06-04 · Port of Havana, Havana, Cuba

    

    During the Ypiranga voyage to Europe, Díaz departed Havana.

53. Arrival at Le Havre

    1911-06-20 · Port of Le Havre, Le Havre, France

    

    The Ypiranga reached Le Havre; Díaz was received at the Bellot basin before continuing by rail to Paris.

54. Arrival in Paris exile

    1911-06-20 · Gare Saint-Lazare, Paris, France

    

    Díaz and his party arrived at Paris's Saint-Lazare station around midnight and spent his first European night at Eustaquio Escandón's home.

55. Visit to Napoleon's tomb

    1911-07-20 · Les Invalides, Paris, France

    

    In exile, Díaz visited Napoleon Bonaparte's tomb in the crypt of Les Invalides.

56. Arrival in Madrid

    1912-04-02 · Madrid, Spain

    

    Díaz and Carmen Romero Rubio arrived by train in Madrid and stayed at the Ritz Hotel.

57. Stay at Aswan

    1913-02-22 · Aswan, Egypt

    

    Díaz was in Aswan, Egypt, during his 1913 journey through North Africa and the Mediterranean.

58. Arrival in Rome

    1913-03-18 · Roma Termini railway station, Rome, Italy

    

    Díaz arrived at Rome's Termini station and stayed for several days at the Hotel Bristol.

59. Arrival at Santander

    1913-09-21 · Santander, Cantabria, Spain

    

    Díaz, Carmen Romero Rubio, and Amanda Díaz arrived at Santander after an automobile journey around the Bay of Biscay coast.

60. Summer at Saint-Jean-de-Luz

    1914-08-13 · Saint-Jean-de-Luz, France

    

    Díaz was staying with his family on the Gulf of Gascony near Saint-Jean-de-Luz when the First World War began. Saint-Jean-de-Luz is the specific beach resort named by the source; the immediate location is described more broadly as the Gulf of Gascony coast.

61. Death in Paris

    1915-07-02 · 23 Avenue du Bois de Boulogne, Paris, France

    

    Díaz died in exile at his residence near the Bois de Boulogne in Paris. The historic avenue name corresponds to the Avenue Foch area; coordinates are an approximate representative point for the cited address.