21 moments

1. Birth in Khomeyn

   1900-05-17 · Khomeyn, Markazi Province, Iran

   

   Khomeini was born in Khomeyn, then in Qajar Iran. His birth year is disputed in some accounts; this card follows the date stated from his birth certificate in the source.

2. Seminary studies in Arak

   1920-01-01 · Arak, Markazi Province, Iran

   Khomeini began formal seminary studies under Abdolkarim Haeri Yazdi in Arak.

3. Residence at Dar al-Shafa school

   1921-01-01 · Dar al-Shafa School, Qom, Qom Province, Iran

   After his teacher transferred to Qom, Khomeini followed and became resident at the Dar al-Shafa school, beginning the long Qom phase of his scholarly career. The source identifies the move as occurring in the year after his 1920 arrival in Arak.

4. Ashura speech at Feyziyeh Madrasa

   1963-06-03 · Feyziyeh Madrasa, Qom, Qom Province, Iran

   

   Khomeini publicly denounced Mohammad Reza Shah during an Ashura address that became a major episode in opposition to the White Revolution.

5. Detention and transfer to Tehran

   1963-06-05 · Tehran, Iran

   Following his public denunciation of the Shah, Khomeini was detained in Qom and transferred to Tehran. Coordinates represent central Tehran; the source does not identify the detention site.

6. Exile residence in Bursa

   1964-11-01 · Bursa, Turkey

   Khomeini spent most of his Turkish exile in Bursa, hosted in the residence of a Turkish Military Intelligence officer. The source establishes arrival approximately one week after 4 November 1964; month precision is therefore used.

7. Arrival in Ankara exile

   1964-11-04 · Ankara, Turkey

   Khomeini was secretly transported to Ankara at the beginning of his Turkish exile. Coordinates represent central Ankara; the source later identifies his initial accommodation as the Bolvar Palace Hotel but does not provide coordinates for that building.

8. Removal through Mehrabad Airport

   1964-11-04 · Mehrabad International Airport, Tehran, Iran

   After his arrest, Khomeini was taken to Tehran's Mehrabad International Airport before being flown from Iran into exile.

9. Exile and teaching in Najaf

   1965-09-01 · Sheikh Morteza Ansari Madrassah, Najaf, Iraq

   

   Najaf became Khomeini's principal place of exile for roughly thirteen years, where he taught fiqh at the Sheikh Morteza Ansari Madrassah. The precise madrassah coordinate is approximate; the source separately states that he began teaching fiqh there.

10. Stop in Karbala en route to Najaf

    1965-09-01 · Karbala, Iraq

    After Kadhimiya, Khomeini traveled through Karbala before taking up his principal Iraqi exile residence in Najaf. The immediately preceding sentence states that he went from Kadhimiya to Karbala; only month precision is supported for the Karbala stop.

11. Entry into Iraq at Kadhimiya

    1965-09-08 · Kadhimiya, Baghdad, Iraq

    Khomeini entered Iraq with his son Mostafa and stayed for two days in Kadhimiya en route to the Shia holy cities. The source dates his entry into Iraq to 8 September 1965; it does not give a separate arrival date for Kadhimiya.

12. Lectures on Islamic government

    1970-01-01 · Najaf, Iraq

    In Najaf, Khomeini began a lecture series on Islamic government that was later published as Islamic Government: Governance of the Jurist. The event spans 21 January to 8 February 1970; the card uses month precision because the required date format does not support date ranges.

13. Arrival at Neauphle-le-Château

    1978-10-06 · Neauphle-le-Château, Île-de-France, France

    

    After leaving Iraq, Khomeini reached Neauphle-le-Château outside Paris, where his access to international media expanded the reach of his revolutionary leadership. A linked Wikipedia article gives 11 October 1978 for his move to Neauphle-le-Château; this card follows the date in the principal biography and records the discrepancy.

14. Departure from Charles de Gaulle Airport

    1979-02-01 · Charles de Gaulle Airport, Roissy-en-France, France

    

    Khomeini departed France aboard Air France Flight AF 4721 on his return from exile to Iran.

15. Return at Mehrabad International Airport

    1979-02-01 · Mehrabad International Airport, Tehran, Iran

    

    Khomeini arrived in Iran after more than fourteen years in exile and addressed supporters at Mehrabad International Airport.

16. Revolutionary address at Behesht-e Zahra

    1979-02-01 · Behesht-e Zahra Cemetery, Tehran, Iran

    

    Immediately after his airport address, Khomeini traveled to Behesht-e Zahra cemetery and declared the Bakhtiar cabinet illegal before a mass audience. Coordinates represent the cemetery complex.

17. Residence in Darband

    1980-01-01 · Darband, Tehran, Iran

    After hospitalization, Khomeini temporarily lived in the northern Tehran suburb of Darband before relocating to Jamaran. The source does not give a precise date for the move to Darband; only the year is supported.

18. Departure from Qom for medical treatment

    1980-01-23 · Qom, Qom Province, Iran

    Khomeini left Qom for Tehran to receive treatment for a heart ailment. Coordinates represent central Qom.

19. Hospitalization in Tehran

    1980-01-23 · Tehran, Iran

    Khomeini arrived in Tehran for treatment and was hospitalized for thirty-nine days before moving to Darband. Coordinates represent central Tehran; the hospital is not named in the source.

20. Residence at Jamaran Hussainiya

    1980-04-22 · Jamaran Hussainiya, Jamaran, Tehran, Iran

    

    Khomeini took up residence in Jamaran, which became his principal Tehran base for speeches, meetings, and leadership until his death.

21. Death in Jamaran

    1989-06-03 · Jamaran, Tehran, Iran

    

    Khomeini died in Jamaran after a period of severe illness, ending his decade as leader of the Islamic Republic.