24 moments

1. Birth at Pella

   0382-01-01 BC · Pella, Central Macedonia, Greece

   

   Philip was born at Pella, the Macedonian royal center, as the youngest son of Amyntas III and Eurydice.

2. Campaign in Paionia

   0358-01-01 BC · Paionia, ancient Macedonia

   

   Philip marched into Paionia and defeated the Paionians, compelling their allegiance to Macedon. Coordinates are a representative point for the ancient region of Paionia.

3. Illyrian campaign and battle near Monastir

   0358-01-01 BC · Near Bitola (ancient Monastir), North Macedonia

   

   Philip led an army into Illyria against Bardylis; the battle is conventionally placed near Monastir, modern Bitola. The source says the battle may have taken place near Monastir; coordinates represent that proposed location.

4. Capture of Pydna

   0357-01-01 BC · Ancient Pydna, Central Macedonia, Greece

   

   After taking Amphipolis, Philip moved to besiege Pydna, which fell to him by treachery in either 357 or 356 BC. Pydna's fall is dated by the source to either 357 or 356 BC; this card records the supported start of Philip's siege after Amphipolis.

5. Siege of Amphipolis

   0357-01-01 BC · Ancient Amphipolis, Central Macedonia, Greece

   

   Philip began the siege of Amphipolis, a strategic city on the Strymon that gave Macedon access toward Thrace.

6. Capture of Krinides and foundation of Philippi

   0356-01-01 BC · Ancient Philippi, Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, Greece

   

   While campaigning in Thrace, Philip captured Krinides, renamed it Philippi, and expanded its population and nearby gold-mining operations.

7. Siege and capture of Potidaea

   0356-01-01 BC · Ancient Potidaea, Chalkidiki, Greece

   

   Philip besieged and captured Potidaea, then transferred the city to his Olynthian allies. Potidaea is rendered as Potidea in the quoted source.

8. Attack on Abdera

   0355-01-01 BC · Ancient Abdera, East Macedonia and Thrace, Greece

   

   Philip attacked and sacked Abdera during a campaign along the Thracian coast. The campaign is placed approximately in 355 BC by the article's chronology; the ancient source cited there does not state its date.

9. Meeting and campaign at Maroneia

   0355-01-01 BC · Ancient Maroneia, East Macedonia and Thrace, Greece

   

   Philip was at Maroneia during his Thracian coastal campaign and met the Thracian ruler Kersebleptes there with the Theban general Pammenes. The article regards 355 BC as a strong but not definitive placement for this meeting.

10. Siege of Methone

    0354-01-01 BC · Ancient Methone, Pieria, Greece

    

    Philip besieged Methone, the last Athenian-held city on the Thermaic Gulf, and suffered the injury that cost him his right eye. The source gives a date range of 355–354 BC; this card uses year-level precision only.

11. Victory at Crocus Field

    0352-01-01 BC · Crocus Field, near Pagasae, Thessaly, Greece

    

    Philip commanded the Macedonians against the Phocians at Crocus Field, winning a decisive victory that strengthened his position in Thessaly. The battlefield is described as probably near Pagasae; coordinates are an approximate representative point.

12. Capture of Olynthus

    0348-01-01 BC · Ancient Olynthus, Chalkidiki, Greece

    

    Philip captured Olynthus during the Olynthian War and destroyed the city, ending the Chalcidian League.

13. Olympic celebration at Dion

    0348-01-01 BC · Ancient Dion, Pieria, Greece

    

    After consolidating Macedon and its adjoining regions, Philip celebrated Olympic Games at Dion. The source places this event after the 348 BC capture of Olynthus but does not independently state a year for the celebration.

14. Campaign against the Illyrians

    0345-01-01 BC · Illyria, near the Drin River, Albania

    

    Philip campaigned against Illyrian opponents, especially Pleuratus; he received a severe injury to his lower leg during the campaign. Coordinates are a representative point for the probable Drin River campaign area.

15. Campaign in Cassopaea

    0342-01-01 BC · Cassopaea, Epirus, Greece

    

    Philip campaigned against the Cassopaeans and took three coastal cities, securing the southern regions of his kingdom. Coordinates represent the ancient Cassopaea region rather than a documented individual battlefield or city.

16. Thracian expedition and Philippopolis

    0342-01-01 BC · Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv), Bulgaria

    

    Philip set out on a major expedition into Thrace and founded Philippopolis on the site of the older fortified settlement of Eumolpia. The source dates the departure approximately to June 342 BC; only year precision is used.

17. Siege of Byzantion

    0340-01-01 BC · Byzantion (modern Istanbul), Türkiye

    

    During the Perinthos campaign Philip diverted part of his army to besiege Byzantion, seeking control of the Bosphorus. The detailed campaign chronology places this September move during the 340 BC Perinthos siege.

18. Siege of Perinthos

    0340-01-01 BC · Ancient Perinthos (modern Marmara Ereğlisi), Türkiye

    

    Philip began the siege of Perinthos, employing major siege works against the strategically located port city. The source supports July 340 BC, but the required date format is year-level for this BC chronology.

19. Arrival at Elatea

    0339-01-01 BC · Elatea, Phocis, Greece

    

    Philip reached Elatea in Phocis, ordered the city repopulated, and used it as a base during his advance into central Greece. The article states that Philip probably arrived in Phocis in November 339 BC; only year precision is used.

20. Scythian campaign in Dobruja

    0339-01-01 BC · Dobruja, near the lower Danube, Romania

    

    Philip campaigned against Scythians south of the Danube near its mouth, defeated them, and later marched through Triballian territory. Coordinates are a representative point for the lower-Danube Dobruja campaign area.

21. Battle of Chaeronea

    0338-01-01 BC · Battlefield of Chaeronea, Boeotia, Greece

    

    Philip commanded the Macedonian right wing at Chaeronea, where his army defeated the coalition led by Athens and Thebes. The article dates the battle to August 338 BC; only year precision is used.

22. Capture of Amphissa

    0338-01-01 BC · Ancient Amphissa, Phocis, Greece

    

    Philip took Amphissa during the Fourth Sacred War, expelled its citizens, and transferred the city to Delphi. The article places the decisive phase of this campaign in August 338 BC.

23. Camp near Corinth and League congress

    0337-01-01 BC · Near Corinth, Corinthia, Greece

    

    Philip camped near Corinth and organized the congress that formed the League of Corinth, which made him strategos for the planned war against Persia. The source qualifies the location with 'seems to have'; coordinates represent Corinth.

24. Assassination at Aigai

    0336-01-01 BC · Aigai (modern Vergina), Central Macedonia, Greece

    

    Philip attended the wedding of his daughter Cleopatra and Alexander I of Epirus at Aigai, where Pausanias of Orestis assassinated him. The source gives October 336 BC and qualifies 25 October as a possible day; year precision is used.